Antibiotic Resistance
Research Lines
Content with Investigacion .
Legionella
Desde su creación hasta la actualidad, La Unidad de Legionella tiene como principal función dar apoyo científico-técnico a la Administración General del Estado, a las Comunidades Autónomas y al Sistema Nacional de Salud en el campo de la prevención y control de la legionelosis, así como llevar a cabo investigaciones científicas en el contexto de la legionelosis. Además, la Unidad de Legionella también actúa como Laboratorio de Referencia de España frente al European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), siendo miembro de la red europea de vigilancia de la legionelosis, “European Legionnaires’ Disease Surveillance Network (ELDSNet). Finalmente, la unidad también realiza una actividad docente, participando en cursos de formación especializada, así como en Máster Universitarios.
Principales líneas de investigación
Vigilancia microbiológica
Búsqueda de marcadores moleculares con capacidad de predecir el riesgo de una instalación de provocar legionelosis. Factores de virulencia de Legionella spp.
Estudio de la capacidad formadora de biofilms de Legionella spp. Colonización y dispersión.
Búsqueda de marcadores fenotípicos capaces de discriminar especies del Género Legionella; grupos y subgrupos de Legionella pneumophila.
Diferentes estructuras de biofilms en función de la cepa formadora de Legionella pneumophila. En verde la biomasa bacteriana, en rojo el exopolisacárido de la matriz extracelular.
Apoyo al Sistema Nacional de Salud de la Unidad de Legionella
La Unidad de Legionella tambien desarrolla actividades con el fin de proporcionar asistencia al sistema nacional de salud a traves de la oferta disponible en la cartera de servicios del CNM, así como a través de programas de vigilancia microbiológica.
Research projects
Content with Investigacion .
1: Título del proyecto: Búsqueda de biomarcadores de patogenicidad en Legionella spp con interés predictivo de riesgo de infección.
Investigador principal: Fernando González Camacho
Entidad financiadora: ISCIII (AESI). Referencia: MPY 341/22
Periodo: 01/01/2023 - 31/12/2025
Publications
Alcazar-Fuoli L, Mellado E, Cuenca-Estrella M, Sanglard D. Probing the role of point mutations in the cyp51A gene from Aspergillus fumigatus in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Med Mycol. 2011 Apr
Alcazar-Fuoli L, Mellado E, Cuenca-Estrella M, Sanglard D. Probing the role of point mutations in the cyp51A gene from Aspergillus fumigatus in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Med Mycol. 2011 Apr;49(3):276-84. doi: 10.3109/13693786.2010.512926. Epub 2010 Sep 10. PMID: 20831364.
PUBMED DOIAlcazar-Fuoli L, Cuesta I, Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Cuenca-Estrella M, Sanglard D, Mellado E. Three-dimensional models of 14α-sterol demethylase (Cyp51A) from Aspergillus lentulus and Aspergillus fumigatus: an insight into differences in voriconazole interaction. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2011 Nov
Alcazar-Fuoli L, Cuesta I, Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Cuenca-Estrella M, Sanglard D, Mellado E. Three-dimensional models of 14α-sterol demethylase (Cyp51A) from Aspergillus lentulus and Aspergillus fumigatus: an insight into differences in voriconazole interaction. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2011 Nov;38(5):426-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Aug 25. PMID: 21871783.
PUBMED DOIAlcazar-Fuoli L, Mellado E. Ergosterol biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus: its relevance as an antifungal target and role in antifungal drug resistance.
Alcazar-Fuoli L, Mellado E. Ergosterol biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus: its relevance as an antifungal target and role in antifungal drug resistance. Front Microbiol. 2013 Jan 10;3:439. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00439. PMID: 23335918; PMCID: PMC3541703.
PUBMED DOIBernal-Martínez L, Alcazar Fuoli L, Miguel-Revilla B, Carvalho A, Cuétara Garcia MS, Garcia-Rodriguez J, Cunha C, Gómez-García de la Pedrosa E, Gomez-Lopez A. High-Resolution Melting Assay for Genotyping Variants of the CYP2C19 Enzyme and Predicting Voriconazole Effectiveness. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 May 24
Bernal-Martínez L, Alcazar Fuoli L, Miguel-Revilla B, Carvalho A, Cuétara Garcia MS, Garcia-Rodriguez J, Cunha C, Gómez-García de la Pedrosa E, Gomez-Lopez A. High-Resolution Melting Assay for Genotyping Variants of the CYP2C19 Enzyme and Predicting Voriconazole Effectiveness. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 May 24;63(6):e02399-18. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02399-18. PMID: 30910893; PMCID:PMC6535561.
PUBMED DOILupiañez CB, Martínez-Bueno M, Sánchez-Maldonado JM, Badiola J, Cunha C, Springer J, Lackner M, Segura-Catena J, Canet LM, Alcazar-Fuoli L, López-Nevot MA, Fianchi L, Aguado JM, Pagano L, López-Fernández E, Alarcón-Riquelme M, Potenza L, Gonçalves SM, Luppi M, Moratalla L, Solano C, Sampedro A, González-Sierra P, Cuenca-Estrella M, Lagrou K, Maertens JA, Lass-Flörl C, Einsele H, Vazquez L; PCRAGA Study Group, Loeffler J, Ríos-Tamayo R, Carvalho A, Jurado M, Sainz J. Polymorphisms within the ARNT2 and CX3CR1 Genes Are Associated with the Risk of Developing Invasive Aspergillosis. Infect Immun. 2020 Mar 23
Lupiañez CB, Martínez-Bueno M, Sánchez-Maldonado JM, Badiola J, Cunha C, Springer J, Lackner M, Segura-Catena J, Canet LM, Alcazar-Fuoli L, López-Nevot MA, Fianchi L, Aguado JM, Pagano L, López-Fernández E, Alarcón-Riquelme M, Potenza L, Gonçalves SM, Luppi M, Moratalla L, Solano C, Sampedro A, González-Sierra P, Cuenca-Estrella M, Lagrou K, Maertens JA, Lass-Flörl C, Einsele H, Vazquez L; PCRAGA Study Group, Loeffler J, Ríos-Tamayo R, Carvalho A, Jurado M, Sainz J. Polymorphisms within the ARNT2 and CX3CR1 Genes Are Associated with the Risk of Developing Invasive Aspergillosis. Infect Immun. 2020 Mar 23;88(4):e00882-19. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00882-19. PMID: 31964743; PMCID: PMC7093133.
PUBMED DOIAre Reduced Levels of Coagulation Proteins Upon Admission Linked to COVID-19 Severity and Mortality? Front Med (Laussane).
Ceballos FC; Ryan P; Blancas R; et al; Jiménez-Sousa MÁ (20/20). Are Reduced Levels of Coagulation Proteins Upon Admission Linked to COVID-19 Severity and Mortality? Front Med (Laussane). 2021; 8:718053. PMID: 34660629. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.718053.
T allele was linked to non-AIDS progression in ART-naïve HIV-infected patients: a retrospective study.
Jiménez-Sousa MA; Jiménez JL; Bellón JM; et al (1/10). CYP27B1 rs10877012 T allele was linked to non-AIDS progression in ART-naïve HIV-infected patients: a retrospective study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020 ;85(5):659-664. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002485.
PBMCs gene expression signature of advanced cirrhosis with high risk for clinically significant portal hypertension in HIV/HCV coinfected patients
Salguero, Sergio; Brochado-Kith, Oscar; Verdices, Ana Virseda; et al; Jiménez-Sousa María A (‡, AC); Resino, Salvador (‡, AC). (12/12). 2023. PBMCs gene expression signature of advanced cirrhosis with high risk for clinically significant portal hypertension in HIV/HCV coinfected patients: A cross-control study. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy. 159, pp.114220. ISSN 1950-6007.
Relative telomere length impact on mortality of COVID-19: Sex differences.Journal of medical virology.
Virseda-Berdices, Ana; Concostrina-Martinez, Leyre; Martinez-Gonzalez, Oscar; et al; Fernandez-Rodriguez, Amanda (‡), Jiménez-Sousa María A (‡). (14/14). 2023. Relative telomere length impact on mortality of COVID-19: Sex differences.Journal of medical virology. 95-1, pp.e28368. ISSN 1096-9071.
Plasma miRNA profile at COVID-19 onset predicts severity status and mortality.
Fernandez-Pato, Asier; Virseda-Berdices, Ana; Resino, Salvador; et al; Jiménez-Sousa María A (‡, AC); Fernandez-Rodriguez, Amanda (‡). (20/20). 2022. Plasma miRNA profile at COVID-19 onset predicts severity status and mortality. EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS. 11(1):676-688. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2038021.
Blood microbiome is associated with changes in portal hypertension after successful direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.
Virseda-Berdices, Ana; Brochado-Kith, Oscar; Diez, Cristina; et al; Jimenez-Sousa, Maria Angeles. (16/16). 2021. Blood microbiome is associated with changes in portal hypertension after successful direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 77(3):719-726. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab444. ISSN 1460-2091.
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis update: A year in review. Med Mycol. 2019 Apr 1
Barac A, Kosmidis C, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Salzer HJF; CPAnet. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis update: A year in review. Med Mycol. 2019 Apr 1;57(Supplement_2):S104-S109. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myy070. PMID: 30816975.
PUBMED DOILaursen CB, Davidsen JR, Van Acker L, Salzer HJF, Seidel D, Cornely OA, Hoenigl M, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Hennequin C, Godet C, Barac A, Flick H, Munteanu O, Van Braeckel E. CPAnet Registry-An International Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Registry. J Fungi (Basel). 2020 Jun
Laursen CB, Davidsen JR, Van Acker L, Salzer HJF, Seidel D, Cornely OA, Hoenigl M, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Hennequin C, Godet C, Barac A, Flick H, Munteanu O, Van Braeckel E. CPAnet Registry-An International Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Registry. J Fungi (Basel). 2020 Jun 29;6(3):E96. doi: 10.3390/jof6030096. PMID: 32610566.
PUBMED DOIProject from GEMICOMED (SEIMC) and REIPI. Molecular identification and susceptibility testing of molds isolated in a Prospective Surveillance of Triazole Resistance in Spain (FILPOP2 study). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Jun
Alastruey-Izquierdo A*, Alcazar-Fuoli L, Rivero-Menéndez O, Ayats J, Castro C, García-Rodríguez J, Goterris-Bonet L, Ibáñez-Martínez E, Linares-Sicilia MJ, Martin-Gomez MT, Martín-Mazuelos E, Pelaez T, Peman J, Rezusta A, Rojo S, Tejero R, Vicente Anza D, Viñuelas J, Zapico MS, Cuenca-Estrella M; members of the FILPOP2 Project from GEMICOMED (SEIMC) and REIPI. Molecular identification and susceptibility testing of molds isolated in a Prospective Surveillance of Triazole Resistance in Spain (FILPOP2 study). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Jun 25. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00358-18. PMID: 29941643.
PUBMED DOIIn vitro activity of APX001A against rare moulds using EUCAST and CLSI methodologies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 May 1
Rivero-Menendez O, Cuenca-Estrella M, Alastruey-Izquierdo A.* In vitro activity of APX001A against rare moulds using EUCAST and CLSI methodologies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 May 1;74(5):1295-1299. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkz022. PMID: 30753499.
PUBMED DOIIn vitro activity of olorofim (F901318) against clinical isolates of cryptic species of Aspergillus by EUCAST and CLSI methodologies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 Jun 1
Rivero-Menendez O, Cuenca-Estrella M, Alastruey-Izquierdo A.* In vitro activity of olorofim (F901318) against clinical isolates of cryptic species of Aspergillus by EUCAST and CLSI methodologies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 Jun 1;74(6):1586-1590. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkz078. PMID: 30891600.
PUBMED DOIMolecular Identification, Antifungal Susceptibility Testing, and Mechanisms of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus Species Received within a Surveillance Program on Antifungal Resistance in Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Aug 23
Rivero-Menendez O, Soto-Debran JC, Medina N, Lucio J, Mellado E, Alastruey-Izquierdo A*. Molecular Identification, Antifungal Susceptibility Testing, and Mechanisms of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus Species Received within a Surveillance Program on Antifungal Resistance in Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Aug 23;63(9). doi: 10.1128/AAC.00865-19. PMID: 31285229.
PUBMED DOIClinical and Laboratory Development of Echinocandin Resistance in Candida glabrata: Molecular Characterization. Front Microbiol. 2019 Jul 11
Rivero-Menendez O, Navarro-Rodriguez P, Bernal-Martinez L, Martin-Cano G, Lopez-Perez L, Sanchez-Romero I, Perez-Ayala A, Capilla J, Zaragoza O, Alastruey-Izquierdo A*. Clinical and Laboratory Development of Echinocandin Resistance in Candida glabrata: Molecular Characterization. Front Microbiol. 2019 Jul 11;10:1585. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01585. PMID: 31354675.
PUBMED DOIIn vitro activity of olorofim against clinical isolates of Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans using EUCAST and CLSI methodologies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Aug 28
Rivero-Menendez O, Cuenca-Estrella M, Alastruey-Izquierdo A.* In vitro activity of olorofim against clinical isolates of Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans using EUCAST and CLSI methodologies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Aug 28. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa351. PMID:32856079.
PUBMED DOIEarly innate immune response triggered by the human respiratory syncytial virus and its regulation by ubiquitination/deubiquitination processes.
Martín-Vicente M*, Resino S#, Martínez I#*. Early innate immune response triggered by the human respiratory syncytial virus and its regulation by ubiquitination/deubiquitination processes. J Biomed Sci. 2022 Feb 13;29(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s12929-022-00793-3. PMID: 35152905 (R; FI= 12.771; D1 Medicine, Research & Experimental; JCR 2021).
PUBMEDContent with Investigacion .
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Javier García Pérez
Investigador Doctor
ORCID code: 0000-0001-7551-7803
Graduated in Biochemistry (1999) and Molecular Biology (2000) from the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), he obtained a predoctoral fellowship “ISCIII” in the AIDS Immunopathology laboratory, where he developed new techniques based on recombinant viruses. His doctoral thesis focused on the application of this technological development to the study of the replicative capacity of HIV-1 and its resistance to antiretroviral drugs, obtaining the degree of Doctor of Science from the UAM in 2007.
Thanks to a short postdoc in 2008 and several stays between 2009 and 2015 at the Viral Pathogenesis Unit of the Institut Pasteur in Paris he extended his training in the study of HIV-1 envelope and tropism. Between 2015 and 2019 he rejoins the AIDS Immunopathology Unit at ISCIII, focusing his work on the study of the functional capacity of founder viruses, as well as variants of the virus with interest in Public Health due to its recent expansion in our country. He is currently leading a project on the study of a mutation in transportin 3 observed in patients with a very rare muscular dystrophy (LGMDD2) that confers protection against HIV-1 infection.
During the last 5 years he combines this activity in HIV-1 with the participation and leadership of different clinical trials and studies investigating the immunity generated in people vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Since 2024 he is a “Investigador Doctor fuera de Convenio” at the Spanish National Centre of Microbiology and he currently coordinates together with Dr. Francisco Díez Fuertes the AIDS Immunopathology Unit.
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Francisco Díez Fuertes
Investigador Doctor Indefinido
ORCID code: 0000-0003-2413-9229
Degree in Biology from the University of León, PhD specialized in molecular virology from the Complutense University of Madrid in 2010 and master's degree in bioinformatics and computational biology from the same university in 2012. He has done research stays at University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (USA) in 2010, Nebraska Center for Virology (USA) in 2011, Institut Pasteur (France) in 2013 and J. Craig Venter Institute (USA) in 2015-2016.
He joined the AIDS Immunopathology Unit in 2013 with a contract from the “Sara Borrell” postdoctoral program. After a period at the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute in Barcelona he rejoins the AIDS Immunopathology Unit in 2020 as a PhD researcher.
His lines of research have focused on the genomic and transcriptomic characterization of extreme phenotypes in HIV-1 infection, including long-term non-progressors and elite controllers. He collaborates with other laboratories of the center in the analysis of outbreaks caused by viruses with interest in Public Health, as well as in evolutionary studies on genomic epidemiology. Since 2020 he has led different clinical studies on COVID-19. Currently, he combines omics sciences with different bioinformatics tools to answer different scientific questions in the field of virology, especially in HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 research. He currently coordinates together with Dr. Javier García Pérez the AIDS Immunopathology Unit.
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Nuria González Fernández
Investigadora Contratada indefinida
ORCID code: 0000-0002-0087-5144
She completed her PhD in 2007 (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), focused on the development of an envelope recombinant virus system to characterize HIV-1 tropism, as well as on the study of the role of the chemokine CXCL12 in virus propagation at the infectious synapse. Part of this work was carried out in the laboratory of Dr. Quentin Sattentau at the University of Oxford.
During her postdoctoral period, she expanded her research on the mechanisms of HIV entry and specialized in the study of the neutralizing response. She developed a system to measure neutralizing activity, which has been used in clinical trials of HIV vaccine candidates. During a stay at the Vaccine Research Center, NIH (USA), she acquired experience in various techniques for the characterization of broadly neutralizing antibodies, leading to new collaborations and research projects, which she is currently developing in the AIDS Immunopathology Unit of the Carlos III Health Institute.
She has participated in research networks such as EAVI2020 (co-PI), CIBERINFEC, RIS and EUROPRISE (EU). Since 2014 she is a professor of the Master in Microbiology applied to Public Health and Infectious Diseases Research at the University of the University of Alcalá and, since 2023, of the Master in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection at the University Rey Juan Carlos.
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Mercedes Bermejo Herrero
Investigadora post-doctoral contratada
ORCID code: 0000-0001-9909-8578
Degree and PhD in Biological Sciences (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) from the Autonoma University of Madrid. Her doctoral thesis studied the expression of CXCR4 and SDF-1/CXCL12 in lymphocytes and dendritic cells and their implications in HIV-1 infection.
She has completed internships in various laboratories: the Immunology Department of the Gregorio Marañón University Hospital in Madrid, the Research Center of the 12 de Octubre University Hospital in Madrid (where she was head of the flow cytometry service) and is currently at the CNM (National Research Center) of the Carlos III Health Institute.
Her research interests have focused on the study of HIV biology and its interaction with the immune system. She has currently participated in clinical trials, CombiVacs and ENE-Covid Senior, and in collaboration with Hipra.
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Rubén Ayala Suárez
Técnico Superior Especializado OPI
ORCID code: 0000-0002-1271-646.
Graduated in Biotechnology from the University of Cadiz (2015), Master in Microbiology of Infectious Diseases (2016) and PhD in Functional Biology from the University of Alcalá (2023). He carried out his PhD Thesis at the AIDS Immunopathology laboratory (CNM) on post-translational epigenetic mechanisms of natural control of HIV infection. In the same period, he completed a Diploma in Bioinformatics at Pablo de Olavide University (2021).
In 2023 he joined as a postdoctoral researcher in the HIV and AIDS research group at the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (Barcelona), where he worked on the relationship of HIV and senescence until his incorporation as a Técnico Superior Especializado in the AIDS Immunopathology unit of the Spanish National Center of Microbiology (ISCIII) in 2025.
The main research projects in which he participates focus on resistance and natural control to HIV infection, as well as the evaluation of the immune response in vaccine trials, using mainly bioinformatics techniques focused on massive sequencing (RNA-Seq, single-cell, genome sequencing), the application of biostatistics and machine learning in data management.
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Almudena Cascajero Díaz
Técnico de laboratorio
ORCID code: 0000-0002-9654-3100
Técnico Superior de Actividades Técnicas y Profesionales (Unidades de Inmunopatología del SIDA y Legionella, Centro Nacional de Microbiología). Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Technician by IES Renacimiento de Madrid.
Experience in cloning techniques and characterization of neutralizing antibodies and participation in different projects on the pathogenesis of HIV by studying the viral envelope and the mechanisms of resistance to antiretroviral drugs. This experience has subsequently allowed me to participate in 5 multicenter clinical studies studying the immune response against different variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Since 2021, I also participate as a laboratory technician in the Legionella Unit as a support to the Spanish National Health System through the microbiological surveillance of the disease to contribute to the prevention and control of legionellosis.
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Manuela Beltrán Vicente
Técnico de Laboratorio Indefinido
ORCID code: 0000-0001-6185-2280
Senior Technician of Technical and Professional Activities (AIDS Immunopathology Unit, Spanish National Center of Microbiology).
Clinical Analysis Laboratory Specialist Technician by IES Las Musas (Madrid, 1996). Demonstrated experience in the development of strategies against HIV, focused on the screening of compounds of both natural and synthetic origin with antiviral activity and identification and evaluation of potential therapeutic agents, as well as the screening of serological samples for the study of immunity for the identification of possible strategies for the development of vaccines against HIV. -

Silvia Jara Herrera
Técnico de Laboratorio Contratado CIBERINFEC
ORCID code: 0009-0001-2842-2040
Clinical and Biomedical Diagnostic Laboratory Technician.
She is currently working in the AIDS Immunopathology Unit of the Spanish National Center of Microbiology (ISCIII) with a contract through the Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Infectious Diseases (CIBER-INFEC).
She worked from March 2020 to September 2024 at the Department of Animal Health (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
She has experience in serological techniques (ELISA, Western Blot and IFA), cell culture and molecular biology.
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Irene Díaz Marín
Técnico de laboratorio contratado
Clinical and Biomedical Diagnostics laboratory technician by CIFP Politécnico de Murcia-CESUR and graduated in Journalism from the Complutense University of Madrid.
She is currently at the AIDS Immunopathology Unit of the Spanish National Center of Microbiology with a contract of the “Garantía Juvenil” program (Community of Madrid), where she performs technical tasks in several research projects about HIV-1 and COVID-19.
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Laura Capa Muñoz
Investigadora post-doctoral contratada
ORCID code: 0000-0002-0234-331X
Degree in Biological Sciences from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and PhD from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, she has a master's degree in AIDS (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) and a master's degree in HIV infection (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid).
Professional activity developed mainly in the study of infectious diseases, both in the field of basic research in public research centers and in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the field of public health and scientific management. She has worked in the international response to the HIV pandemic, representing the Ministry of Health as an expert in meetings of the European Commission and collaborated with the WHO. At the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, she has led the scientific management of national and European projects in the AIDS Immunopathology Unit and has been part of the Institute's Data Protection Working Group. Currently, she continues to coordinate the Cohort of Long-Term Non-Progressing Patients created by the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS), is part of the coordination team of the PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences and Public Health IMIENS-UNED-ISCIII and of the Institute's Working Group on Equality.
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José Alcamí Pertejo
Profesor de Investigación
ORCID code: 0000-0003-0023-7377
Degree in Medicine from the Universidad Autónoma and Doctor of Medicine from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Specialist in Internal Medicine at Hospital 12 de Octubre (1982-1986). Training in immunology by means of a Research Staff grant (1986-1988). Research associate at the Viral Immunology Unit of the Pasteur Institute in Paris (1988-1992) where he obtained a Master in Immunopathology from the Institute. Research Professor since 2015, he directed the AIDS Immunopathology Unit at the National Microbiology Center since 2000. Coordinator since 2003 of the Spanish AIDS Research Network, he participates as group leader in European networks of excellence whose objective is the development of new vaccines, drugs and microbicides against HIV/AIDS: EUROPRISE, AIM-HIV, CHAARM and EAVI2020. Since 2019 he has been the Scientific Director of the HIV Unit at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. He has been Professor of Immunology and Virology at the European University of Madrid between 2012 and 2014 and Director of the Master in Public Health and Research in Infectious Diseases at the University of Alcalá de Henares from 2014 to 2023.
Author of more than 200 scientific articles in high impact journals such as Nature, Nature Reviews in Microbiology, Nature Medicine, Lancet and Journal of Clinical Investigation and more than 80 chapters in books. Scientific disseminator through his YouTube channel and on the X platform. He has been principal investigator of more than 50 research projects, including European projects and an American NIH project.
Consultant for FIS and ANEP since 1992, member of the scientific council of the French Evaluation Agency in AIDS between 2008 and 2014, evaluator of EU FP6, FP7 and H2020 programs, member of the external scientific council of the Global Health Institute (Hospital Ramón y Cajal), scientific collaborator of the EMA and AEMPS where he has been part of the biotechnology, antivirals and vaccines committees. Scientific member of the EU Vaccelerate consortium and associate editor of the Journal of Virology, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology and HIV medicine.
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Paloma Jiménez Santana
Técnico de laboratorio contratado
List of staff
Additional Information
Our general objective is to provide early knowledge about any emerging antibiotic resistance mechanism in our country. This contribution of knowledge is based on transversal objectives that we consider key, such as 1) the ability to adapt research to emerging resistance problems, 2) the promotion of cooperative and multidisciplinary research studies working in networks with different Spanish and foreign centers, 3) the transfer of research results in an agile way to the clinical practice of the national health system, and 4) the promotion of the interrelation of research with reference, advice, training and dissemination seeking the empowerment of all.
More specifically, our main scientific objectives are the characterization of the molecular bases of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria, the study of the molecular epidemiology and population structure of resistant bacteria, the characterization of the mobile genetic elements that carry resistance genes, and the development of diagnostic techniques and therapeutic alternatives against bacteria with extensive resistance to antibiotics. In this sense, research into the dissemination pathways of Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (as a paradigm of extensive resistance and pan-resistance) is one of our current priority objectives.
Our general objective is to provide early knowledge about any emerging antibiotic resistance mechanism in our country. This contribution of knowledge is based on transversal objectives that we consider key, such as 1) the ability to adapt research to emerging resistance problems, 2) the promotion of cooperative and multidisciplinary research studies working in networks with different Spanish and foreign centers, 3) the transfer of research results in an agile way to the clinical practice of the national health system, and 4) the promotion of the interrelation of research with reference, advice, training and dissemination seeking the empowerment of all.
More specifically, our main scientific objectives are the characterization of the molecular bases of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria, the study of the molecular epidemiology and population structure of resistant bacteria, the characterization of the mobile genetic elements that carry resistance genes, and the development of diagnostic techniques and therapeutic alternatives against bacteria with extensive resistance to antibiotics. In this sense, research into the dissemination pathways of Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (as a paradigm of extensive resistance and pan-resistance) is one of our current priority objectives.