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AIDS Immunopathology

Research Lines

Content with Investigacion Inmunopatología del SIDA .

Research Lines:

1.    Molecular mechanisms associated to the protection of HIV-1 infection in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy dominant D2 (LGMDD2) patients.
2.    Generation of neutralizing antibodies for therapeutic use based on the broad-spectrum neutralizing response against founder viruses.
3.    Characterization of the immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 in a population over 65 years of age.
4.    Screening and characterization of new anti-latency drugs against HIV-1.
5.    Study of viral entry and HIV tropism in viruses of special epidemiological relevance in Spain. 
6.    Genetic mechanisms of protection and control of HIV-1 infection in populations with extreme phenotypes.

Clinical studies:

1.    Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of HIV-1 envelope-based 763SIP8/MPLA-5 vaccine as a preventive vaccine in healthy uninfected adults. 
2.    ENE-COVID-Senior: Prospective observational study in a cohort of elderly nursing home residents to establish their immune status after receiving a complete vaccination regimen.

Implementation of new technologies:

1.    Identification of HIV-1 integration sites by deep sequencing.
2.    Single cell transcriptomics with simultaneous TCR/BCR sequencing.
3.    Epidemiological intelligence for prediction of SARS-CoV-2 variants likely to emerge in different vaccination settings.
 

Research projects

Content with Investigacion Inmunopatología del SIDA .

1.    Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection: effect in naïve vaccinees and seropositives against the most transmissible variants and relevance of host genetics.
Principal Investigator: Javier García Pérez. 
Funding Agency: Acción Estratégica en Salud Intramural 2021(ISCIII)
Funding: 135.000 €
Duration: 2022-2025. 
Project Reference: PI21CIII/00025.
2.    Design and generation of viral stocks of new SARS-CoV-2 variants (omicron subvariants) and analysis of their susceptibility to antibodies neutralization.
Principal Investigator: Javier García Pérez.
Funding Agency: Hipra Scientific S.L.U.
Funding: 103.771 €
Duration: 2023-2025.
Project Reference: MVP 198/23.
3.    Characterization of a mutation in transportin 3 that protects against HIV infection: molecular mechanisms and discovery of new drugs.
Principal Investigator: José Alcamí y Javier García Pérez.
Funding Agency:     Proyectos de I+D+I, Generación de Conocimiento y Retos Investigación de la Agencia Estatal de Investigación.
Funding: 240.000 €
Duration: 2022-2026. 
Project Reference: PID2021-125978OB-C21 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by FEDER, UE

4.    Generation of immunogens based on HIV-1 envelopes from acutely infected individuals with a broad neutralizing response against founder viruses.
Principal investigator: Nuria González Fernández.
Funding Agency: Acción Estratégica en Salud Intramural 2023 (ISCIII)
Funding: 82.000 €
Duration: 2024-2026. 
Project Reference: PI23CIII/00039.
5.    Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of HIV-1 envelope-based 763SIP8/MPLA-5 vaccine. 
Principal Investigator: Josep Mallolas Masferrer.
Funding Agency: Proyectos de Investigación Clínica Independiente, Acción Estratégica en Salud 2021-2023 (ISCIII).
Funding: 173.200 €
Duration: 2024-2026. 
Project Reference: ICI23/00025.
6.    Service of immunological determinations of the ENE-COVID SENIOR II protocol.
Principal Investigator: Mayte Pérez Olmeda y Javier García Pérez. 
Funding Agency: Fundación para la investigación biomédica del Hospital Universitario La Paz
Funding: 185.037 €
Duration: 2024-2025. 
Project Reference: MOTR 219/24.
7.    Characterization of the immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 in a population over 65 years of age using single cell transcriptomics.
Principal Investigator: Javier García Pérez y Francisco Díez Fuertes.
Funding Agency: Acción Estratégica en Salud Intramural 2021(ISCIII)
Funding: 152.000 €
Duration: 2025-2027. 
Project Reference: PI24CIII/00058
8. Evaluation of rimonabant and cannbinooid analogues in HIV infection and viral latency.
Principal Investigator: Luis Miguel Bedoya del Olmo. 
Funding Agency: Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Funding: 12.000 €
Duration: 2024-2025. 
Project Reference: PR12/24-31553.
9. Discovery of new inhibitors of HIV-1 RNA biogenesis based on blocking the ribonucleoprotein RRE-Rev.
Principal Investigator: José Gallego Sala. Associate Researcher: Luis Miguel Bedoya del Olmo
Funding Agency: Department of Innovation, Universities, Science and Digital Society. Generalitat Valenciana.
Funding: 543,683.84 €
Duration: 2025-2027. 
Project Reference: PROMETEO/2021/036.

Publications

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Riquelme P, Haarer J, Kammler A, Walter L, Tomiuk S, Ahrens N, Goecze I, Wege A, Fändrich F, Schlitt H, Banas B, Lutz M, Sawitzki B, Ochando J, Geissler E and Hutchinson J. Generation of BTNL8+ TIGIT+ Tregs by Human Regulatory Macrophages Before Kidney Transplantation. Nat Commun.

Riquelme P, Haarer J, Kammler A, Walter L, Tomiuk S, Ahrens N, Goecze I, Wege A, Fändrich F, Schlitt H, Banas B, Lutz M, Sawitzki B, Ochando J, Geissler E and Hutchinson J. Generation of BTNL8+ TIGIT+ Tregs by Human Regulatory Macrophages Before Kidney Transplantation. Nat Commun. 2018; Jul 20;9(1):2858. PMID: 30030423.

Inhibiting Inflammation with Myeloid Cell-Specific Nanobiologics Promotes Organ Transplant Acceptance

Braza MS, Lameijer M, Sanchez-Gaytan B, Arts R, Pérez-Medina C, Conde P, Brahmachary M, van der Touw W, Fay F, Kluza E, Kossatz S, Stroes E, Kroon J, Dress R, Salem F, Rialdi A, Reiner T, Boros P, van Leent M, Strijkers G, Calcagno C, Ginhoux F, Marazzi I, Lutgens E, Nicolaes G, Weber C, Swirski F, Nahrendorf M, Fisher E, Fayad Z, Duivenvoorden R, Netea M, Mulder WJ, and Ochando J. Inhibiting Inflammation with Myeloid Cell-Specific Nanobiologics Promotes Organ Transplant Acceptance.Immunity. 2018; 20;49(5):819-828.e6. PMID: 30413362.

PUBMED DOI

Fernandez-Garcia MD, Volle R, Joffret ML, Sadeuh-Mba SA, Gouandjika-Vasilache I, Kebe O, Wiley MR, Majumdar M, Simon-Loriere E, Sakuntabhai A, Palacios G, Martin J, Delpeyroux F, Ndiaye K, Bessaud M. Genetic Characterization of Enterovirus A71 Circulating in Africa.

Fernandez-Garcia MD, Volle R, Joffret ML, Sadeuh-Mba SA, Gouandjika-Vasilache I, Kebe O, Wiley MR, Majumdar M, Simon-Loriere E, Sakuntabhai A, Palacios G, Martin J, Delpeyroux F, Ndiaye K, Bessaud M. Genetic Characterization of Enterovirus A71 Circulating in Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 Apr;24(4):754-757. doi: 10.3201/eid2404.171783. PMID: 29553325; PMCID: PMC5875259.

Leon KE, Schubert RD, Casas-Alba D, Hawes IA, Ramachandran PS, Ramesh A, Pak JE, Wu W, Cheung CK, Crawford ED, Khan LM, Launes C, Sample HA, Zorn KC, Cabrerizo M, Valero-Rello A, Langelier C, Muñoz-Almagro C, DeRisi JL, Wilson MR. Genomic and serologic characterization of enterovirus A71 brainstem encephalitis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2020

Leon KE, Schubert RD, Casas-Alba D, Hawes IA, Ramachandran PS, Ramesh A, Pak JE, Wu W, Cheung CK, Crawford ED, Khan LM, Launes C, Sample HA, Zorn KC, Cabrerizo M, Valero-Rello A, Langelier C, Muñoz-Almagro C, DeRisi JL, Wilson MR. Genomic and serologic characterization of enterovirus A71 brainstem encephalitis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2020 Mar 5;7(3):e703. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000703. PMID: 32139440; PMCID: PMC7136061.

González-Sanz R, Casas-Alba D, Launes C, Muñoz-Almagro C, Ruiz-García MM, Alonso M, González-Abad MJ, Megías G, Rabella N, Del Cuerpo M, Gozalo-Margüello M, González-Praetorius A, Martínez-Sapiña A, Goyanes-Galán MJ, Romero MP, Calvo C, Antón A, Imaz M, Aranzamendi M, Hernández-Rodríguez Á, Moreno-Docón A, Rey- Cao S, Navascués A, Otero A, Cabrerizo M. Molecular epidemiology of an enterovirus A71 outbreak associated with severe neurological disease, Spain, 2016. Euro Surveill. 2019

González-Sanz R, Casas-Alba D, Launes C, Muñoz-Almagro C, Ruiz-García MM, Alonso M, González-Abad MJ, Megías G, Rabella N, Del Cuerpo M, Gozalo-Margüello M, González-Praetorius A, Martínez-Sapiña A, Goyanes-Galán MJ, Romero MP, Calvo C, Antón A, Imaz M, Aranzamendi M, Hernández-Rodríguez Á, Moreno-Docón A, Rey- Cao S, Navascués A, Otero A, Cabrerizo M. Molecular epidemiology of an enterovirus A71 outbreak associated with severe neurological disease, Spain, 2016. Euro Surveill. 2019 Feb;24(7):1800089. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.7.1800089. PMID: 30782267; PMCID: PMC6381658.

Spanish Afp Surveillance Working Group. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance: challenges and opportunities from 18 years' experience, Spain, 1998 to 2015. Euro Surveill.

Spanish Afp Surveillance Working Group. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance: challenges and opportunities from 18 years' experience, Spain, 1998 to 2015. Euro Surveill. 2018 Nov;23(47):1700423. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.47.1700423. PMID: 30482263; PMCID: PMC6341937.

Molecular Epidemiology of Human Parechoviruses in Children With Acute Respiratory Infection in Spain

M Cabrerizo*, C Calvo, G Trallero, ML García-García, M Arroyas, V Sánchez, F Pozo, I Casas. Molecular epidemiology of human parechoviruses children with acute respiratory infection in Spain. Pediatric Infect Dis J 32:802-3 (2013).

PUBMED DOI

Identification of novel Betaherpesviruses in iberian bats reveals parallel evolution

Pozo F, Juste J, Vázquez-Morón S., Aznar-López C, Ibáñez C, Garin I, Aihartza J, Casa I, Tenorio A, Echevarría JE. Identification of novel Betaherpesviruses in iberian bats reveals parallel evolution. PLoS ONE. 2016. 11(12): e0169153. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169153

PUBMED DOI

Content with Investigacion Inmunopatología del SIDA .

List of staff

Additional Information

The AIDS Immunopathology Unit has been coordinated since 2000 by Dr. José Alcamí, bringing together during its history more than 20 independent researchers who collaboratively study different aspects of HIV infection. During this years, more than 30 visiting researchers and more than 50 national and international students have passed through the unit. From the beginning of the year 2025, Javier García Pérez and Francisco Díez Fuertes assumed the coordination of the AIDS Immunopathology Unit, with the aim of projecting its scientific competitiveness following multidisciplinary approaches and through the maintenance of the current close collaborations, as well as the promotion of participation in new national and international research networks.
Historically, the current members of the unit have focused on different lines of basic research that include the study of antibodies and the development of vaccines against HIV-1, the study of viral entry and tropism of the virus or the study of the host through the genomic characterization of populations with an extreme phenotype. Currently, the activity of our unit in the field of HIV-1 is focused on three main lines:
1.    Mecanismos moleculares asociados a la protección de la infección por VIH-1 en pacientes con distrofia muscular de cinturas dominante D2 (LGMDD2).
2.    Generación de anticuerpos neutralizantes de uso terapéutico basados en la respuesta neutralizante de amplio espectro frente a virus fundadores.
3.    Cribado y caracterización de nuevos fármacos anti-latencia frente al VIH-1.
A partir del año 2020, nuestra unidad se vuelca con la investigación sobre COVID-19, participando y liderando diferentes proyectos de investigación aplicada y clínica. Fruto de esta fuerte implicación en el campo, en la actualidad se mantienen diferentes estudios sobre la caracterización de la respuesta inmune frente a SARS-CoV-2, integrando diferentes técnicas de virología molecular, estrategias de inteligencia epidemiológica y tecnologías de célula única.
We also participate in different research consortiums and networks, such as the Spanish AIDS Research Network or the Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBER-INFEC), in which we participate as researchers in different lines and work packages within the research programs “Global Health, emerging and re-emerging infections” as well as “HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections”.


Supervised doctoral theses

1.    GENOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF HIV-1 PROTECTION PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH SLOW PROGRESSION OF INFECTION. 
Student: Erick de la Torre Tarazona.
Supervisors: José Alcamí and Francisco Díez Fuertes.
Academic entity: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Defense date: July 14th, 2020.
2.    ANALYSIS OF MIARN EXPRESSION PROFILES AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION IN HIV-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT PROGRESSION TO AIDS.
Student: Rubén Ayala Suárez.
Supervisors: José Alcamí and Francisco Díez Fuertes.
Academic entity: Universidad de Alcalá.
Defense date: June 12nd, 2023.

The AIDS Immunopathology Unit has been coordinated since 2000 by Dr. José Alcamí, bringing together during its history more than 20 independent researchers who collaboratively study different aspects of HIV infection. During this years, more than 30 visiting researchers and more than 50 national and international students have passed through the unit. From the beginning of the year 2025, Javier García Pérez and Francisco Díez Fuertes assumed the coordination of the AIDS Immunopathology Unit, with the aim of projecting its scientific competitiveness following multidisciplinary approaches and through the maintenance of the current close collaborations, as well as the promotion of participation in new national and international research networks.
Historically, the current members of the unit have focused on different lines of basic research that include the study of antibodies and the development of vaccines against HIV-1, the study of viral entry and tropism of the virus or the study of the host through the genomic characterization of populations with an extreme phenotype. Currently, the activity of our unit in the field of HIV-1 is focused on three main lines:
1.    Mecanismos moleculares asociados a la protección de la infección por VIH-1 en pacientes con distrofia muscular de cinturas dominante D2 (LGMDD2).
2.    Generación de anticuerpos neutralizantes de uso terapéutico basados en la respuesta neutralizante de amplio espectro frente a virus fundadores.
3.    Cribado y caracterización de nuevos fármacos anti-latencia frente al VIH-1.
A partir del año 2020, nuestra unidad se vuelca con la investigación sobre COVID-19, participando y liderando diferentes proyectos de investigación aplicada y clínica. Fruto de esta fuerte implicación en el campo, en la actualidad se mantienen diferentes estudios sobre la caracterización de la respuesta inmune frente a SARS-CoV-2, integrando diferentes técnicas de virología molecular, estrategias de inteligencia epidemiológica y tecnologías de célula única.
We also participate in different research consortiums and networks, such as the Spanish AIDS Research Network or the Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBER-INFEC), in which we participate as researchers in different lines and work packages within the research programs “Global Health, emerging and re-emerging infections” as well as “HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections”.


Supervised doctoral theses

1.    GENOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF HIV-1 PROTECTION PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH SLOW PROGRESSION OF INFECTION. 
Student: Erick de la Torre Tarazona.
Supervisors: José Alcamí and Francisco Díez Fuertes.
Academic entity: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Defense date: July 14th, 2020.
2.    ANALYSIS OF MIARN EXPRESSION PROFILES AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION IN HIV-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT PROGRESSION TO AIDS.
Student: Rubén Ayala Suárez.
Supervisors: José Alcamí and Francisco Díez Fuertes.
Academic entity: Universidad de Alcalá.
Defense date: June 12nd, 2023.

Content with Investigacion Inmunopatología del SIDA .